Applications of DNA fingerprinting

Applications of DNA Fingerprinting

DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a powerful technique that requires only minute amounts of DNA. Even tiny traces from blood stains, body fluids, hair fibers, or skin fragments are sufficient for analysis. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is commonly used to amplify these DNA samples, making them suitable for fingerprinting.

DNA fingerprinting has a wide range of applications, especially in the fields of forensics and medicine. Some of the most important uses include:

• Criminal Identification: DNA fingerprints can help identify criminals, such as rapists, thieves, or other offenders, by matching DNA from crime scenes with suspect samples.
• Paternity Testing: The technique is widely used to settle paternity disputes, comparing the DNA of a child with that of the alleged father.
• Immigration Cases: DNA profiling can assist in immigration disputes, confirming biological relationships in legal cases.

How it works:

1.     DNA is collected from a person (suspect, child, or immigration applicant).

2.     The sample is compared with a reference DNA sample, such as that of a victim, relative, or another individual.

3.     Matching patterns in DNA profiles help confirm identity or biological relationships with high accuracy.

In summary: DNA fingerprinting is a highly precise and versatile tool that plays a crucial role in forensic investigations, legal cases, and family disputes, providing reliable evidence based on genetic information.