Applications of DNA fingerprinting
The amount of DNA required for DNA fingerprint is remarkably small. The
minute quantities of DNA from blood strains, body fluids, hair fiber or skin
fragments are enough. Polymerase chain reaction is used to amplify this DNA
for use in fingerprinting. DNA profiling has wide range of applications—most of
them related to medical forensics. Some important ones are listed below.
• Identification of criminals, rapists, thieves etc.
• Settlement of paternity disputes.
• Use in immigration test cases and disputes.
In general, the fingerprinting technique is carried out by collecting the DNA
from a suspect (or a person in a paternity or immigration dispute) and matching
it with that of a reference sample (from the victim of a crime, or a close relative
in a civil case).
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